Austin Asthma: Asphalt Lies Fueling Summer Lungs?
By Franklin Everett ShawThe air hangs heavy, thick with humidity and something else – a faint, acrid tang that stings the nostrils. It’s not just the Texas heat; it’s the air itself, especially in certain pockets of Austin. For many, this isn’t just an unpleasant sensation; it’s a trigger, a prelude to the tightening chest, the wheezing breath, the panic of an asthma attack.
Austin’s rapid growth has brought with it a concrete jungle, a sprawling network of asphalt that traps heat and exacerbates air pollution. This, coupled with rising summer temperatures, is creating a perfect storm for asthma sufferers. We need to talk about it, and more importantly, we need to act.
The problem isn’t just theoretical. A study published in the Journal of Asthma found a direct correlation between increased ozone levels (a key component of smog) and emergency room visits for asthma in Travis County. The asphalt acts as a heat island, raising local temperatures and increasing the rate at which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) evaporate from vehicles and other sources, contributing to ozone formation. This is particularly acute in areas like Pflugerville and Round Rock, where sprawling suburban development has replaced natural vegetation with heat-absorbing surfaces.
So, what can Austinites do? It’s not about grand gestures; it’s about practical, actionable steps that can make a real difference in your daily life.
First, monitor air quality. Don’t rely on general weather reports. Download the EPA’s AirNow app or visit their website (airnow.gov). These resources provide real-time air quality data, broken down by pollutant and location. Pay attention to the Air Quality Index (AQI), especially for ozone and particulate matter (PM2.5). When the AQI is elevated, especially in your area (e.g., exceeding 75 in the 78704 zip code), take precautions.
Next, optimize your indoor environment. This is crucial, especially during peak pollution days. Invest in a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. Don’t cheap out on this. Look for models certified by the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM). Consider the size of the room you need to filter. A small filter in a large living room won’t do much good. For example, if you live near I-35 in North Austin, where traffic pollution is high, a HEPA filter is non-negotiable.
Furthermore, be smart about exercise. Avoid strenuous outdoor activities during peak pollution hours, typically in the afternoon. If you must exercise outdoors, choose locations away from major roadways. Consider exercising indoors at a gym or at home. If you’re a runner in the Zilker Park area, opt for early morning runs before the ozone levels rise.
Let’s talk about cooling centers. Austin has a network of cooling centers, often located in libraries and recreation centers. The City of Austin website provides a list of these locations. However, access can be a challenge for some residents, particularly those without transportation. If you know someone who is vulnerable to heat and air pollution, offer them a ride to a cooling center.
Breathing exercises can also be a valuable tool for managing asthma symptoms. The American Lung Association recommends pursed-lip breathing and diaphragmatic breathing. Pursed-lip breathing involves inhaling through your nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips, as if you’re whistling. Diaphragmatic breathing involves using your diaphragm to take deep breaths, expanding your abdomen rather than your chest. Practice these exercises regularly, even when you’re not experiencing symptoms.
One common mistake developers make is neglecting to consider the impact of their projects on air quality. New developments often involve clearing vegetation and paving large areas, which can exacerbate the heat island effect and increase air pollution. Developers should be required to implement mitigation measures, such as planting trees and using permeable pavement.
Another challenge is the lack of awareness among the general public about the link between asphalt, heat, and asthma. Many people simply don’t realize that the built environment can have a significant impact on their health. Public education campaigns are needed to raise awareness and encourage people to take steps to protect themselves.
Consider the case of Del Valle, a predominantly Hispanic community located near the Austin-Bergstrom International Airport. This area is disproportionately affected by air pollution from both traffic and airport operations. Residents often lack access to resources such as air conditioning and HEPA filters. Targeted interventions are needed to address the specific needs of this community.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to creating a personalized asthma action plan:
- Consult with your doctor: Discuss your asthma triggers and symptoms.
- Identify your peak flow readings: Use a peak flow meter to measure how well your lungs are working.
- Develop a plan for managing symptoms: This should include information on when to use your medications and when to seek medical attention.
- Share your plan with family and friends: Make sure they know how to help you in case of an asthma attack.
- Review and update your plan regularly: Your asthma may change over time, so it’s important to keep your plan up-to-date.
Don’t underestimate the power of collective action. Advocate for policies that promote sustainable development, reduce traffic congestion, and improve air quality. Contact your city council member and let them know that you care about this issue. Support organizations that are working to protect the environment and public health.
The fight against asthma in Austin is a fight for environmental justice. It’s a fight for the right to breathe clean air, regardless of your zip code. It’s a fight that we can win, but only if we work together.
Remember, small changes can make a big difference. Monitor the air quality, optimize your indoor environment, be smart about exercise, and advocate for change. Your health, and the health of your community, depends on it.