Boise Baths: City Chlorine Crashing Youth Liver?

By Franklin Everett Shaw

January 9, 2026

Imagine waking up in Boise, Idaho, ready to tackle the day, only to feel inexplicably sluggish. You’ve been eating relatively healthy, exercising, and getting enough sleep, yet something feels off. Could the water you’re drinking be a contributing factor? It’s a question worth asking, especially given the rising rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among younger Boise residents.

Boise’s water, like that of many municipalities, undergoes chlorination to kill harmful bacteria. While essential for public health, this process creates disinfection byproducts (DBPs) like trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). These chemicals, even within EPA-mandated limits, can potentially contribute to liver stress, particularly with long-term exposure.

The EPA sets maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for DBPs. Boise’s water treatment facilities diligently adhere to these regulations, regularly testing and adjusting chlorine levels. However, the “safe” level isn’t necessarily the optimal level, especially for individuals with pre-existing liver conditions or genetic predispositions. Furthermore, the cumulative effect of years of exposure, combined with other environmental toxins and dietary factors, can take a toll.

So, how do these DBPs impact the liver? Studies suggest that THMs and HAAs can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver. This, in turn, can disrupt lipid metabolism, leading to the accumulation of fat in liver cells – the hallmark of NAFLD. Animal studies have shown a direct link between DBP exposure and the development of NAFLD, even at concentrations considered safe by regulatory agencies.

The challenge lies in the fact that NAFLD is often asymptomatic in its early stages. Many Boiseans may be unknowingly developing the condition, attributing their fatigue and mild discomfort to other causes. This makes proactive measures to protect liver health even more crucial.

What can Boise residents do to mitigate their exposure to DBPs and support liver health? Here are some actionable steps:

• Invest in a High-Quality Water Filtration System: Not all filters are created equal. A basic pitcher filter might remove some chlorine, but it won’t effectively eliminate THMs and HAAs. Consider a multi-stage filter that includes activated carbon and reverse osmosis. These systems are more effective at removing a wider range of contaminants. Look for filters certified by NSF International to ensure they meet specific performance standards. Berkey filters are a popular choice, known for their ability to remove a wide range of contaminants without requiring electricity.

• Boil Water Strategically: Boiling water can reduce the concentration of some volatile DBPs, like THMs. However, it can increase the concentration of others, like HAAs. If you choose to boil water, do so in a well-ventilated area and avoid prolonged boiling.

• Shower Smarter: Our skin absorbs DBPs during showers and baths. Consider installing a shower filter containing activated carbon. Also, reduce shower time and lower the water temperature, as hotter water increases DBP absorption.

• Prioritize Liver-Supporting Foods: A diet rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds can help protect the liver from damage. Focus on incorporating these foods into your diet:

  • Cruciferous Vegetables: Broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and kale contain compounds that support liver detoxification.
  • Garlic and Onions: These contain sulfur compounds that aid in the liver’s detoxification pathways.
  • Beets: Beets contain betaine, which helps protect the liver from fat accumulation.
  • Green Tea: Rich in antioxidants, green tea can help reduce oxidative stress in the liver.
  • Turmeric: Curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

• Limit Alcohol and Processed Foods: Alcohol is a known liver toxin, and processed foods are often high in unhealthy fats and sugars, which can contribute to NAFLD. Reducing your intake of these substances can significantly reduce the burden on your liver.

• Consider Liver-Supportive Supplements (with caution): Certain supplements, such as milk thistle and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), have been shown to support liver health. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements, as they can interact with medications or have side effects.

• Stay Hydrated with Filtered Water: Drinking plenty of water is essential for overall health, including liver function. Make sure you’re drinking filtered water to minimize your exposure to DBPs.

• Regular Exercise: Exercise helps improve insulin sensitivity and reduce fat accumulation in the liver. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.

• Get Regular Liver Checkups: If you have risk factors for NAFLD, such as obesity, diabetes, or a family history of liver disease, talk to your doctor about getting regular liver checkups. Early detection and intervention can help prevent the progression of NAFLD.

• Support Local Initiatives for Water Quality Improvement: Advocate for improved water treatment technologies and stricter regulations on DBP levels. Contact your local representatives and participate in community discussions about water quality.

One common pitfall is assuming that all water filters are equally effective. Many people purchase inexpensive pitcher filters, believing they are adequately protecting themselves from DBPs. However, these filters often only remove chlorine and sediment, leaving THMs and HAAs untouched. Investing in a more robust filtration system is crucial for effective DBP removal.

Another challenge is the lack of awareness about NAFLD. Many Boiseans may be unaware of the condition and its potential link to water quality. Educating yourself and others about NAFLD and its risk factors is essential for promoting proactive liver health.

Furthermore, relying solely on water filtration without addressing other lifestyle factors is a common mistake. While filtration is important, it’s only one piece of the puzzle. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and limiting alcohol and processed foods are equally crucial for supporting liver health.

Boise’s unique environment also presents specific considerations. The city’s location in a high desert climate means that water conservation is a priority. This can sometimes lead to higher concentrations of DBPs in the water supply, as less water is used to dilute the chemicals.

Therefore, Boise residents need to be particularly vigilant about water filtration and liver health. By taking proactive steps to mitigate DBP exposure and support liver function, Boiseans can protect themselves from the potential long-term health consequences of chlorinated water. It’s about understanding the risks, taking informed action, and advocating for a healthier future for our community.