Denver Water: Are "Clean" Pipes Harming Guts?

By Franklin Everett Shaw

August 1, 2025

Is your tap water silently sabotaging your gut? For Denver residents, the answer might be a surprising yes. Denver Water’s efforts to reduce lead levels, while commendable, could be inadvertently disrupting the delicate balance of your gut microbiome. Let’s dive into why, and more importantly, what you can do about it.

Denver Water uses orthophosphate to create a protective coating inside lead service lines, preventing lead from leaching into the water. While effective at reducing lead, orthophosphate can also alter the water’s chemistry, potentially impacting the types and amounts of bacteria that can survive in it. This altered water, now flowing into your home, can then influence the composition of your gut microbiome.

The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms living in your digestive tract. It plays a crucial role in digestion, immunity, and even mental health. Disruptions to this ecosystem, known as dysbiosis, can lead to a range of health problems, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and even increased susceptibility to infections.

So, how exactly might Denver Water’s lead reduction program be affecting your gut? The key lies in the chemicals used and their potential impact on bacterial diversity.

Orthophosphate, while not directly toxic to most gut bacteria, can indirectly affect them. It can alter the pH of the water and potentially interact with other minerals, creating an environment that favors certain types of bacteria over others. This shift in bacterial populations can lead to a less diverse and less resilient gut microbiome.

Chlorine and chloramine are also used as disinfectants in Denver’s water supply. While essential for killing harmful pathogens, these chemicals can also negatively impact beneficial gut bacteria. Even trace amounts of these disinfectants can disrupt the delicate balance of the gut microbiome over time.

Research on the specific impact of orthophosphate on gut bacteria is still emerging, but studies on similar water treatment chemicals suggest a potential for concern. For example, studies on chlorine have shown that it can reduce the diversity of gut bacteria and alter the composition of the microbiome.

The challenge is that everyone’s gut microbiome is unique. Factors like diet, genetics, and lifestyle all play a role in shaping the composition of your gut flora. Therefore, the impact of Denver’s water treatment on your gut will vary depending on your individual circumstances.

However, there are actionable steps you can take to mitigate potential negative effects and support a healthy gut microbiome.

First, consider investing in a high-quality water filter. Not all filters are created equal. Look for filters that are specifically designed to remove orthophosphate, chlorine, and chloramine.

• Berkey filters are a popular choice, known for their ability to remove a wide range of contaminants, including orthophosphate. They are gravity-fed, making them a good option for both home and emergency use.
• Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are another effective option. These systems use a semi-permeable membrane to remove virtually all contaminants from the water, including orthophosphate, chlorine, and chloramine. However, RO systems can be more expensive and require professional installation.
• Activated carbon filters are a more affordable option, but they are not as effective at removing orthophosphate. However, they can effectively remove chlorine and chloramine, which can still benefit your gut health. Look for filters that use granular activated carbon (GAC) for best results.

When choosing a filter, be sure to check its certification from organizations like NSF International or the Water Quality Association. These certifications ensure that the filter meets industry standards for contaminant removal.

Beyond filtration, dietary adjustments can also play a crucial role in supporting a healthy gut microbiome.

• Increase your intake of prebiotic-rich foods. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers that feed beneficial gut bacteria. Good sources of prebiotics include onions, garlic, leeks, asparagus, bananas, and oats.
• Consume probiotic-rich foods. Probiotics are live microorganisms that can help to replenish and diversify your gut flora. Good sources of probiotics include yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, and kombucha. Look for products that contain a variety of different probiotic strains.
• Limit your intake of processed foods, sugar, and artificial sweeteners. These foods can feed harmful bacteria in the gut and contribute to dysbiosis.
• Stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water is essential for maintaining a healthy gut microbiome. Aim for at least eight glasses of water per day.

Consider taking a probiotic supplement. While dietary sources of probiotics are beneficial, a high-quality probiotic supplement can provide a more concentrated dose of beneficial bacteria. Look for supplements that contain a variety of different strains, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.

It’s important to note that not all probiotic supplements are created equal. Look for supplements that have been independently tested for purity and potency. Consult with a healthcare professional to determine the best probiotic supplement for your individual needs.

One common mistake people make is not giving their gut enough time to adjust to dietary changes or probiotic supplements. It can take several weeks or even months for the gut microbiome to fully adapt to new inputs. Be patient and consistent with your efforts, and you will eventually see results.

Another pitfall is relying solely on supplements without making any dietary changes. Supplements can be helpful, but they are not a substitute for a healthy diet. Focus on eating a variety of whole, unprocessed foods that support a healthy gut microbiome.

For Denver residents, understanding the potential impact of water treatment on gut health is crucial. By taking proactive steps to filter your water, adjust your diet, and consider probiotic supplementation, you can mitigate potential negative effects and support a thriving gut microbiome. Don’t let cleaner pipes come at the expense of your gut health. Take control and nourish your inner ecosystem.