**Phoenix Walls: Is Cheap Drywall Inflaming Summer Asthma?**
By Franklin Everett ShawThe musty smell in your New Orleans home is more than just the humidity. It could be a silent health hazard lurking behind your walls, especially if your house was built or renovated between 2004 and 2007.
The culprit? Possibly Chinese-made drywall, often referred to as “Phoenix Walls,” imported into the U.S. during a domestic drywall shortage. This drywall, particularly problematic in hot, humid climates like Louisiana, Florida, and Texas, has been linked to a range of health issues, most notably worsened asthma symptoms.
The Problem with Problematic Drywall
The issue stems from the composition of some Chinese-manufactured drywall. It contains elevated levels of sulfur compounds, including hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide. These gases are released into the air, especially in warm, humid conditions, causing a distinctive “rotten egg” smell and corroding metal components like copper wiring and air conditioning coils.
But the real danger lies in the health effects. Exposure to these gases can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat, cause headaches, fatigue, and, crucially, exacerbate respiratory conditions like asthma. For residents of cities like Miami, where humidity is a constant companion, the summer months can become a nightmare of increased asthma attacks and breathing difficulties.
Identifying the Offending Drywall: A DIY Inspection Checklist
Before you call in the professionals, here’s a DIY checklist to help you determine if your home might be affected:
The Smell Test: This is the most obvious indicator. Do you notice a persistent “rotten egg” or sulfurous odor, especially when the air conditioning isn’t running or during periods of high humidity? This smell often intensifies in enclosed spaces like closets or bathrooms.
Copper Corrosion: Check the copper wiring in your electrical outlets, appliances, and air conditioning units. Look for blackening or corrosion. This is a telltale sign of hydrogen sulfide reacting with the copper. A visual inspection of the air conditioning evaporator coil is also recommended.
Date of Construction/Renovation: Was your home built or renovated between 2004 and 2007? This is the peak period for the import of Chinese drywall.
Drywall Markings: In some cases, the drywall may have markings indicating its origin. Look for stamps or labels on the back of exposed drywall (e.g., in an unfinished attic or behind removed electrical outlets) that might indicate it was manufactured in China. Look for brands like “Knauf Plasterboard (Tianjin) Co. Ltd.”
Health Symptoms: Have you or your family members experienced unexplained health problems, such as increased asthma symptoms, respiratory irritation, headaches, or nosebleeds, especially during the summer months?
Important Note: Even if you only observe one or two of these indicators, it’s crucial to seek professional testing.
Remediation: A Step-by-Step Guide
If you suspect your home contains problematic drywall, remediation is essential. This is not a DIY project; it requires specialized knowledge and equipment. Here’s a general outline of the remediation process:
Professional Testing: Hire a qualified environmental testing company to confirm the presence of problematic drywall and measure the levels of sulfur gases in your home. This will provide concrete evidence for insurance claims or legal action.
Contractor Selection: Choose a licensed and insured contractor with experience in drywall remediation. Ask for references and check their credentials. Don’t just go with the cheapest option; prioritize experience and expertise. In Florida, look for contractors familiar with the specific challenges of drywall remediation in coastal environments.
Drywall Removal: The affected drywall must be carefully removed and disposed of according to EPA guidelines. This process should be done under negative air pressure to prevent the spread of dust and gases to other parts of the house.
Component Replacement: Corroded electrical wiring, air conditioning coils, and other affected components must be replaced. This is crucial to prevent future problems and ensure the safety of your home.
HVAC System Cleaning: The HVAC system should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected to remove any residual sulfur compounds.
Verification Testing: After remediation, conduct another round of air quality testing to ensure that the levels of sulfur gases are within acceptable limits.
Challenges and Pitfalls
Incomplete Removal: One of the biggest mistakes is only removing the most obviously affected drywall. All drywall installed during the suspect period should be removed to ensure complete remediation.
Cross-Contamination: Improper removal techniques can spread contaminated dust and gases to other parts of the house, negating the benefits of remediation.
Ignoring Component Replacement: Failing to replace corroded wiring and HVAC components can lead to future problems and health risks.
Unlicensed Contractors: Hiring unlicensed contractors can result in shoddy workmanship and potential liability issues.
Legal Recourse for Homeowners
If you’ve been affected by Chinese drywall, you may be entitled to compensation for damages, including the cost of remediation, property damage, and health-related expenses.
Documentation is Key: Keep meticulous records of all expenses, including testing fees, contractor invoices, medical bills, and property damage assessments.
Consult with an Attorney: Contact an attorney experienced in Chinese drywall litigation. They can advise you on your legal options and help you navigate the complex legal process. In cities like New Orleans, several law firms specialize in representing homeowners affected by this issue.
Statute of Limitations: Be aware of the statute of limitations for filing a claim. This is the deadline by which you must file a lawsuit. The statute of limitations varies by state, so it’s crucial to consult with an attorney as soon as possible.
Finding Qualified Contractors
Finding a contractor specializing in drywall removal is crucial to minimizing the risk of exposure.
Check Licensing and Insurance: Ensure the contractor is properly licensed and insured in your state.
Ask for References: Request references from previous clients and check them thoroughly.
Verify Experience: Inquire about the contractor’s experience with Chinese drywall remediation. Ask about the specific techniques they use and the precautions they take to prevent cross-contamination.
Get Multiple Bids: Obtain bids from several contractors to compare prices and services.
Beyond the Surface: The Long-Term Impact
The Chinese drywall crisis has had a devastating impact on homeowners in states like Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. Beyond the immediate health and financial consequences, it has also eroded trust in the construction industry and raised concerns about the safety of building materials.
While the peak of the crisis has passed, the problem persists for many homeowners who are still struggling to remediate their homes and recover from the damages. By taking proactive steps to identify and address the issue, homeowners can protect their health, their property, and their financial well-being. Don’t let the musty smell become a permanent fixture; take action today.