Savannah Sinuses: Is Moss Crashing Summer Enzymes?

By Franklin Everett Shaw

January 15, 2026

The air in Savannah hangs heavy, thick with humidity and the scent of pluff mud. But lately, there’s another presence, almost ghostly, draping itself over the live oaks: Spanish moss. While it adds to the city’s romantic allure, some residents are whispering that this year’s explosion of Tillandsia usneoides is more than just picturesque – it’s messing with their sinuses and allergies in unprecedented ways. Could this seemingly benign plant be subtly disrupting our bodies’ natural defenses against allergens?

Spanish moss, despite its name, isn’t actually a moss. It’s an epiphyte, meaning it grows on other plants but doesn’t harm them. It’s also known to harbor dust, pollen, and other allergens. The sheer volume of moss this year, fueled by a particularly wet spring, means a greater concentration of these irritants in the air.

Our bodies have a natural defense system against allergens, relying heavily on enzymes like diamine oxidase (DAO) and histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) to break down histamine, the compound responsible for allergy symptoms. If these enzymes aren’t functioning optimally, histamine levels can build up, leading to a range of issues, from sneezing and itchy eyes to headaches and digestive problems.

The question is: could something in or on the Spanish moss be interfering with these crucial enzymes? While direct scientific evidence linking Spanish moss to enzyme disruption is currently lacking, we can explore potential mechanisms and strategies for mitigation.

One possibility is that the increased allergen load from the moss is simply overwhelming the body’s capacity to process histamine. Think of it like a traffic jam: more cars (allergens) than the road (enzymes) can handle. This leads to a buildup of histamine, triggering allergic reactions.

Another potential factor is the presence of mold and fungi within the moss. The humid Savannah climate is ideal for mold growth, and Spanish moss provides a perfect substrate. Certain molds can produce mycotoxins, which have been shown to inhibit enzyme function in some studies. While the specific mycotoxins present in Savannah’s Spanish moss haven’t been thoroughly investigated, it’s a plausible area for further research.

So, what can Savannah residents do to combat potential enzyme disruption and allergy symptoms? Here’s a practical, multi-pronged approach:

1. Dietary Adjustments: Focus on foods that support DAO and HNMT activity.

   • Increase Vitamin C intake: Vitamin C is a cofactor for DAO, meaning it helps the enzyme function more efficiently. Load up on citrus fruits (oranges, grapefruits), berries (strawberries, blueberries), and leafy greens (kale, spinach). Consider a supplement if dietary intake is insufficient. Aim for at least 500mg daily.
   • Include Quercetin-Rich Foods: Quercetin is a natural antihistamine and anti-inflammatory compound found in onions, apples, and broccoli. It can help stabilize mast cells, which release histamine, and potentially reduce the overall histamine load.
   • Limit Histamine-Rich Foods: While not a long-term solution, temporarily reducing your intake of foods high in histamine can provide relief. These include fermented foods (sauerkraut, yogurt, aged cheeses), processed meats (bacon, sausage), and alcohol (especially red wine and beer).
   • Consider a Low-Histamine Diet: This is a more restrictive approach, but it can be helpful for identifying trigger foods. It involves eliminating a wide range of histamine-containing foods for a period of time, then gradually reintroducing them to see which ones cause symptoms. Consult with a registered dietitian or nutritionist for guidance.

2. Lifestyle Modifications: Simple changes can make a big difference.

   • Air Filtration: Invest in a high-quality air purifier with a HEPA filter to remove allergens from your home. Ensure it’s appropriately sized for the room you’re using it in. Change the filter regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
   • Nasal Irrigation: Use a saline nasal rinse (neti pot or squeeze bottle) to flush out allergens and irritants from your nasal passages. This can help reduce inflammation and congestion. Use distilled or sterile water to avoid introducing bacteria.
   • Shower Regularly: Showering after spending time outdoors can help remove pollen and other allergens from your skin and hair. Pay particular attention to washing your hair thoroughly.
   • Limit Outdoor Exposure: During peak allergy season, try to limit your time outdoors, especially on windy days. If you must be outside, wear a mask and sunglasses to protect your face and eyes.
   • Manage Stress: Stress can exacerbate allergy symptoms. Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises.

3. Targeted Supplementation: Certain supplements may help support enzyme function and reduce histamine levels.

   • DAO Supplement: These supplements contain the DAO enzyme and can help break down histamine in the gut. Take them before meals, especially if you’re eating histamine-rich foods. Not all DAO supplements are created equal; look for reputable brands with clinical studies backing their efficacy.
   • Vitamin B6: Vitamin B6 is a cofactor for DAO and HNMT. A deficiency in B6 can impair enzyme function. Consider a B6 supplement, but be mindful of the dosage, as high doses can cause nerve damage.
   • Magnesium: Magnesium is involved in numerous enzymatic processes and can help reduce inflammation. Magnesium deficiency is common, so supplementation may be beneficial.
   • Probiotics: Certain probiotic strains can help regulate the immune system and reduce inflammation. Look for strains that have been shown to support gut health and reduce allergy symptoms. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is one such strain.

4. Distinguishing Moss-Related Symptoms from Pollen Allergies: This is crucial for effective treatment.

   • Pollen Counts: Monitor local pollen counts to see if your symptoms correlate with specific pollen types. Websites like Pollen.com provide daily pollen forecasts for Savannah.
   • Symptom Tracking: Keep a detailed record of your symptoms, including when they occur, what triggers them, and what relieves them. This can help you identify patterns and potential allergens.
   • Allergy Testing: Consider getting allergy testing (skin prick test or blood test) to identify specific allergens you’re sensitive to. This can help you tailor your treatment plan.
   • Location, Location, Location: Do your symptoms worsen when you’re near areas with heavy Spanish moss growth? This could indicate a moss-related allergy.

Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them:

• Self-Diagnosing: Don’t assume your symptoms are solely due to Spanish moss. Consult with an allergist or healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
• Ignoring Mold: Mold can be a significant contributor to allergy symptoms. Have your home inspected for mold and take steps to remediate any issues.
• Over-Reliance on Supplements: Supplements are not a substitute for a healthy diet and lifestyle. Focus on addressing the root cause of your symptoms.
• Inconsistent Treatment: Be consistent with your treatment plan. It may take time to see results, so don’t give up too soon.
• Ignoring Indoor Air Quality: Indoor air can be more polluted than outdoor air. Take steps to improve your indoor air quality, such as using air purifiers and regularly cleaning your home.

The surge in Spanish moss around Savannah may indeed be contributing to increased allergy and sinus issues for some residents. By understanding the potential mechanisms involved, particularly the possible disruption of histamine-degrading enzymes, and by implementing a comprehensive strategy that includes dietary adjustments, lifestyle modifications, targeted supplementation, and careful symptom tracking, Savannah residents can take control of their health and enjoy the beauty of their city without suffering unnecessarily. Remember to consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and treatment. Don’t let the moss steal your summer joy.