Savannah's Stucco: Humidity Hiding Mold Damage?
By Franklin Everett ShawThe air hangs heavy with humidity, a familiar blanket in Savannah. But that same humidity, clinging to the historic stucco facades of our homes, can be a silent accomplice to a hidden enemy: mold. It’s not always the dramatic, in-your-face black mold you see on TV. Often, it’s a subtle discoloration, a musty odor, or even just a persistent feeling of dampness that whispers of a problem lurking beneath the surface. Ignoring these whispers can lead to costly repairs and, more importantly, health issues for you and your family.
This guide is your Savannah-specific roadmap to identifying potential mold issues behind stucco. We’re not just talking generalities; we’re diving into the unique challenges presented by our climate, the common stucco application techniques used in our historic homes, and the specific types of mold that thrive in these conditions.
First, let’s talk about visual cues. Forget the pristine, picture-perfect stucco you see in magazines. In Savannah, look for these telltale signs:
Dark Streaks or Staining: These aren’t just dirt. They often indicate water runoff, which can saturate the stucco and create a breeding ground for mold. Pay close attention to areas below windows, around gutters, and near the foundation. The direction of the streaks can tell you where the water is originating.
Efflorescence: This is a white, powdery deposit that appears on the surface of the stucco. While not mold itself, it’s a sign that moisture is migrating through the stucco, potentially carrying mold spores with it. It’s essentially salt being deposited as water evaporates.
Blistering or Bubbling: This indicates that moisture is trapped beneath the stucco, causing it to separate from the underlying wall. This creates a perfect environment for mold growth. This is especially concerning if the blisters feel soft or spongy.
Cracks, Especially Hairline Cracks: While stucco is naturally prone to some cracking, excessive or widening cracks allow water to penetrate the surface. Check around windows and doors, as these are common areas for stress cracks.
Discoloration: Look for subtle changes in the stucco’s color. This could be a greenish, brownish, or even pinkish hue. These discolorations can be early signs of mold growth.
Now, let’s get practical with moisture meter testing. A moisture meter is a relatively inexpensive tool that can help you detect elevated moisture levels in your stucco. You can find them at most hardware stores.
Choose the Right Meter: Opt for a pin-type meter for stucco. These meters have two small pins that you insert into the stucco to measure its moisture content. Pinless meters are less accurate for this application.
Test Strategically: Don’t just randomly poke around. Focus on areas where you’ve observed visual cues, as well as areas that are prone to moisture exposure, such as around windows, doors, and the foundation.
Take Multiple Readings: Take several readings in each area to get an accurate assessment. Moisture levels can vary significantly within a small area.
Understand the Readings: Stucco should ideally have a moisture content below 15%. Readings above this level indicate a potential moisture problem and warrant further investigation. Keep in mind that readings can be affected by the type of stucco and the ambient humidity.
Next, let’s identify specific mold species common in Savannah stucco. Our humid climate and the age of many of our homes create a perfect storm for certain types of mold:
Aspergillus/Penicillium: These are two of the most common types of mold found indoors. They often appear as greenish or bluish-gray patches. They thrive in damp environments and can trigger allergic reactions.
Cladosporium: This mold is often found on plants and in soil, but it can also grow indoors on damp surfaces. It typically appears as black or dark green spots.
Stachybotrys chartarum (Black Mold): While less common than other types of mold, black mold is a serious concern. It produces mycotoxins that can cause a range of health problems. It often appears as a slimy, black, or greenish-black growth.
Alternaria: This mold is commonly found outdoors, but it can also grow indoors in damp areas. It typically appears as dark brown or black spots.
It’s important to note that visual identification alone is not enough to determine the specific type of mold. A professional mold test is required for accurate identification.
Finally, let’s discuss engaging local certified mold inspectors familiar with historic homes. This is crucial in Savannah, where many homes have unique construction methods and materials.
Check Certifications: Ensure the inspector is certified by a reputable organization, such as the IICRC (Institute of Inspection, Cleaning and Restoration Certification) or the ACAC (American Council for Accredited Certification).
Ask About Experience with Stucco and Historic Homes: Not all mold inspectors are created equal. Find one who has specific experience inspecting stucco homes in Savannah. They’ll be familiar with the common problem areas and the types of mold that are prevalent in our area.
Get a Detailed Inspection Report: The report should include a thorough assessment of the property, including moisture readings, visual observations, and recommendations for remediation.
Consider Air Sampling: Air sampling can help determine the concentration of mold spores in the air, even if there are no visible signs of mold growth. This is especially important if you suspect mold is hidden behind walls or in other inaccessible areas.
Don’t Be Afraid to Ask Questions: A good mold inspector will be happy to answer your questions and explain their findings in detail.
A common pitfall is attempting DIY mold remediation without properly identifying the source of the moisture problem. Simply killing the mold without addressing the underlying cause will only lead to its recurrence. Another mistake is using bleach to clean mold on porous surfaces like stucco. Bleach only kills surface mold and doesn’t penetrate the material to kill the roots. This can actually worsen the problem by providing moisture for the mold to feed on.
Overcoming these challenges requires a proactive approach. Regularly inspect your stucco for any signs of moisture damage or mold growth. Address any leaks or water intrusion issues promptly. Ensure proper ventilation in your home to reduce humidity levels. And, when in doubt, consult with a qualified professional.
Living in a historic Savannah home is a privilege, but it also comes with unique responsibilities. By understanding the specific challenges posed by our climate and stucco construction, you can protect your home and your health from the hidden threat of mold. Don’t wait for the whispers to become shouts; take action today to ensure a healthy and happy home for years to come.