Savannah's Sunscreen: Moss Trapping Toxic Algae?

By Franklin Everett Shaw

January 17, 2026

The sun beats down on River Street, tourists stroll with ice cream cones, and the air hangs thick with humidity. But beneath the surface of Savannah’s charm, a silent threat lurks in our waterways: toxic algae blooms. And a seemingly harmless habit – slathering on sunscreen – is making the problem worse. It’s time for Savannah to wake up and protect our rivers, our wildlife, and ourselves.

Here’s your guide to navigating the sunscreen situation in Savannah, protecting our waterways, and staying sun-safe.

The Problem: Sunscreen Runoff and Toxic Algae

Many conventional sunscreens contain chemicals like oxybenzone and octinoxate. These chemicals, while effective at blocking UV rays, are devastating to aquatic ecosystems. When we swim or shower after applying sunscreen, these chemicals wash into our waterways, including the Wilmington River, the Savannah River, and even the ocean.

These chemicals act as pollutants, disrupting the natural balance of the ecosystem. They contribute to the growth of harmful algae blooms (HABs), also known as red tides. These blooms can produce toxins that are harmful to humans, fish, shellfish, and marine mammals.

Savannah’s warm climate and abundant sunshine make us particularly vulnerable. Increased sunscreen use, combined with existing pollution, creates the perfect storm for HABs.

Savannah’s Specific Vulnerabilities

The Wilmington River, a tidal river that flows into the Savannah River, is a popular spot for boating, fishing, and swimming. It’s also particularly susceptible to pollution due to its slow-moving currents and proximity to urban areas. Sunscreen runoff from recreational activities directly impacts this delicate ecosystem.

The Savannah National Wildlife Refuge, a vital habitat for migratory birds and other wildlife, is also at risk. The refuge’s waterways are connected to the Savannah River, meaning that pollutants from sunscreen runoff can travel far and wide, impacting a wide range of species.

Local Regulations and Awareness

Currently, Chatham County and the City of Savannah do not have specific regulations banning or restricting the sale or use of sunscreens containing oxybenzone and octinoxate. This is a critical gap that needs to be addressed.

However, awareness is growing. Local environmental groups like the Ogeechee Riverkeeper and the Savannah Riverkeeper are actively working to educate the public about the dangers of sunscreen pollution and promote the use of eco-friendly alternatives.

Choosing Eco-Friendly Sunscreen: A Savannah Resident’s Guide

The good news is that you don’t have to sacrifice sun protection to protect our waterways. Mineral sunscreens, which use zinc oxide and titanium dioxide as active ingredients, are a safe and effective alternative.

Here’s what to look for:

Mineral-based: Check the active ingredients. Look for zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. These minerals are naturally occurring and don’t harm aquatic life.
“Reef-safe” or "Reef-friendly": While there’s no official certification for “reef-safe” sunscreen, this label generally indicates that the product is free of oxybenzone and octinoxate. However, always double-check the ingredient list.
Broad Spectrum Protection: Ensure the sunscreen protects against both UVA and UVB rays.
Water Resistance: Choose a water-resistant formula, but remember to reapply frequently, especially after swimming or sweating.

Where to Buy Eco-Friendly Sunscreen in Savannah

Many local stores are now carrying mineral sunscreens. Check out these options:

Nourish Natural Food Store (Multiple Locations): Carries a variety of natural and organic sunscreens, including mineral-based options.
Whole Foods Market (Savannah): Offers a selection of reef-safe sunscreens.
Local Pharmacies: Many pharmacies, like CVS and Walgreens, are starting to stock mineral sunscreens. Check the labels carefully.
Online Retailers: Amazon and other online retailers offer a wide variety of eco-friendly sunscreens.

Best Practices for Sunscreen Use in Savannah

Even with eco-friendly sunscreen, proper application and disposal are crucial.

Apply Sunscreen Correctly: Apply sunscreen liberally 15-30 minutes before sun exposure. Don’t skimp!
Reapply Frequently: Reapply every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating.
Consider Protective Clothing: Wear hats, sunglasses, and long-sleeved shirts to minimize the need for sunscreen.
Seek Shade: Limit your time in the sun, especially during peak hours (10 am to 4 pm).

Sunscreen Disposal in Chatham County: A Step-by-Step Guide

Proper sunscreen disposal is often overlooked, but it’s essential to prevent further pollution.

Check the Label: Some sunscreens may have specific disposal instructions on the label. Follow those instructions carefully.
Empty the Container: If possible, empty the sunscreen container completely.
Rinse the Container: Rinse the container with water to remove any remaining residue.
Recycle (If Applicable): Check with Chatham County Recycling to see if the container is recyclable. Many plastic sunscreen bottles can be recycled.
Dispose of Properly: If the container is not recyclable, dispose of it in the trash.

Sunscreen Disposal Locations in Savannah

While there aren’t dedicated sunscreen disposal locations in Savannah yet, we can advocate for them. Contact your local representatives and environmental organizations to voice your support for establishing designated sunscreen disposal bins at beaches, parks, and boat ramps.

Partnering with Local Marine Conservation Groups

Get involved with local organizations that are working to protect our waterways.

Ogeechee Riverkeeper: This organization works to protect and improve the Ogeechee River basin, which includes the Wilmington River. They offer volunteer opportunities, educational programs, and advocacy initiatives.
Savannah Riverkeeper: This organization focuses on protecting the Savannah River and its tributaries. They conduct water quality monitoring, advocate for responsible development, and educate the public about river conservation.
Gray’s Reef National Marine Sanctuary: While located offshore, Gray’s Reef is impacted by pollution from the Savannah River. Support their efforts to protect this important marine habitat.

Challenges and Pitfalls

Greenwashing: Be wary of products that claim to be “eco-friendly” without providing clear evidence. Always check the ingredient list.
Cost: Mineral sunscreens can be more expensive than conventional sunscreens. Look for sales and discounts.
White Cast: Some mineral sunscreens can leave a white cast on the skin. Look for tinted formulas or rub the sunscreen in thoroughly.
Lack of Awareness: Many people are still unaware of the dangers of sunscreen pollution. Spread the word and educate your friends and family.

A Call to Action for Savannah

We, as residents of Savannah, have a responsibility to protect our waterways. By choosing eco-friendly sunscreen, practicing proper disposal, and supporting local conservation efforts, we can make a difference. Let’s work together to ensure that Savannah’s rivers and beaches remain healthy and vibrant for generations to come. Contact your local representatives and demand action. Let’s make Savannah a leader in protecting our marine environment.