Taos Sun: Altitude Lies Burning Dark Skin?
By Franklin Everett ShawThe New Mexico sun feels different. It’s not just the dry air; it’s the intensity, the way it seems to bore right through you. Many newcomers dismiss it, attributing any skin changes to simply being outdoors more. But ignoring the unique challenges of sun exposure in places like Taos, with its high altitude and clear skies, is a recipe for premature aging and, more seriously, skin cancer.
The altitude in Taos, New Mexico, significantly impacts the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. For every 1,000 feet above sea level, UV radiation increases by approximately 4-5%. Taos sits at an elevation of around 7,000 feet. This means you’re exposed to roughly 28-35% more UV radiation than someone at sea level. This increased exposure dramatically elevates the risk of sunburn, skin damage, and long-term skin cancer.
Many people mistakenly believe that a base tan protects them from the sun. This is a dangerous myth. A tan is a sign of skin damage, indicating that your skin is trying to protect itself from further UV exposure. It provides a sun protection factor (SPF) of only around 3, which is woefully inadequate in a high-altitude environment like Taos.
Sunscreen is your first line of defense. But not all sunscreens are created equal, especially for Taos residents. You need a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Broad-spectrum means it protects against both UVA and UVB rays. UVA rays contribute to aging, while UVB rays cause sunburn.
Look for sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These are mineral sunscreens that provide excellent broad-spectrum protection and are generally considered safer for your skin and the environment than chemical sunscreens. Apply sunscreen liberally 15-30 minutes before sun exposure. Don’t skimp! Most people don’t use enough sunscreen. You should aim for about one ounce (a shot glass full) to cover your entire body.
Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more frequently if you’re swimming or sweating. Even water-resistant sunscreens lose their effectiveness after a while. Set a timer on your phone to remind you to reapply. This is especially important when hiking or engaging in outdoor activities.
Consider the UV Index. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides a UV Index forecast for many locations, including New Mexico. You can find this information online or through weather apps. The UV Index ranges from 0 to 11+, with higher numbers indicating a greater risk of UV exposure. When the UV Index is 3 or higher, sun protection is essential.
Don’t forget about cloudy days. UV radiation can penetrate clouds, so you’re still at risk of sun damage even when the sun isn’t shining brightly. In fact, clouds can sometimes increase UV radiation by reflecting it. Make sunscreen application a daily habit, regardless of the weather.
Protect your eyes. The sun’s rays can also damage your eyes, increasing your risk of cataracts and macular degeneration. Wear sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Look for sunglasses labeled with “UV400” protection.
Seek shade whenever possible, especially during peak sun hours (typically between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.). Plan outdoor activities for early morning or late afternoon when the sun’s rays are less intense. Trees, umbrellas, and other forms of shade can significantly reduce your UV exposure.
Wear protective clothing. Long sleeves, pants, and wide-brimmed hats can provide excellent sun protection. Look for clothing with a UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) rating. UPF indicates how much UV radiation the fabric blocks. A UPF of 50 means the fabric blocks 98% of UV rays.
Be mindful of reflective surfaces. Snow, water, and sand can reflect UV radiation, increasing your exposure. If you’re skiing in Taos Ski Valley, remember that snow reflects up to 80% of UV rays. Apply sunscreen to exposed skin and wear sunglasses to protect your eyes.
Hydration is key. Staying hydrated helps your skin stay healthy and better able to protect itself from sun damage. Drink plenty of water throughout the day, especially when you’re active outdoors. Dehydration can make your skin more susceptible to sunburn.
Regular skin checks are crucial. Examine your skin regularly for any new moles, changes in existing moles, or unusual spots. Use a mirror to check hard-to-see areas. If you notice anything suspicious, see a dermatologist immediately. Early detection is key to successful skin cancer treatment.
Many people underestimate the importance of lip balm with SPF. Lips are particularly vulnerable to sun damage because they lack melanin, the pigment that protects skin from UV rays. Use a lip balm with an SPF of 30 or higher, and reapply it frequently.
Avoid tanning beds. Tanning beds emit harmful UV radiation that can significantly increase your risk of skin cancer. There is no such thing as a safe tan from a tanning bed. The American Academy of Dermatology strongly recommends against using tanning beds.
Educate yourself and others. Share this information with your friends and family, especially those who are new to Taos or other high-altitude areas. Raising awareness about the risks of sun exposure can help prevent skin damage and skin cancer.
Consider professional skin exams. Schedule regular skin exams with a dermatologist, especially if you have a family history of skin cancer or have had significant sun exposure. A dermatologist can identify suspicious moles or lesions that you might miss.
Don’t forget about your car. UV radiation can penetrate car windows, especially the side windows. Consider applying a UV-blocking film to your car windows to protect yourself while driving. This is particularly important for people who spend a lot of time in their cars.
Be aware of medications that increase sun sensitivity. Some medications, such as certain antibiotics and acne treatments, can make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about any medications you’re taking and whether they increase your risk of sunburn.
Remember that sun protection is a lifelong commitment. The sun’s rays can damage your skin at any age. Start protecting your skin early and continue to do so throughout your life. It’s never too late to start taking care of your skin.
The unique combination of high altitude and intense sun in Taos demands a proactive approach to sun protection. By understanding the risks and taking the necessary precautions, you can enjoy the beauty of New Mexico without compromising your skin’s health. Make sun safety a priority, and your skin will thank you for it.