Taos Toxins: Altitude Lies Cracking Youth Enzymes?
By Franklin Everett ShawThe desert sun feels different. It’s not just hotter; it’s brighter, more intense. And if you’re in Taos, New Mexico, perched high in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, that intensity is amplified. But what does that mean for your skin? Is the high altitude and relentless sun turning back the clock, or accelerating the aging process? The answer, unfortunately, is likely the latter, but with the right knowledge and tools, you can fight back.
Taos, at nearly 7,000 feet, experiences significantly higher levels of UV radiation than lower elevations. The thinner atmosphere filters less of the sun’s harmful rays. This means more direct exposure to UVA and UVB radiation, the primary culprits behind photoaging – premature aging caused by sun exposure.
Photoaging manifests in several ways: wrinkles, fine lines, age spots (hyperpigmentation), and a loss of skin elasticity. These changes occur because UV radiation damages collagen and elastin, the proteins that give skin its structure and firmness. Furthermore, it ramps up the activity of enzymes like collagenase and hyaluronidase, which actively break down collagen and hyaluronic acid, respectively.
Collagenase, as the name suggests, chews up collagen. Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a crucial molecule for skin hydration and plumpness. Less collagen means more wrinkles. Less hyaluronic acid means drier, less supple skin. The Taos sun, therefore, presents a double whammy: increased UV exposure and accelerated enzyme activity that degrades the very building blocks of youthful skin.
So, what can a Taoseño (or a visitor) do to combat this? The answer lies in a multi-pronged approach: diligent sun protection and strategic antioxidant intake.
First, let’s talk sunscreen. Not all sunscreens are created equal, especially at high altitude. You need a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Broad-spectrum means it protects against both UVA and UVB rays. SPF 30 blocks approximately 97% of UVB rays.
But here’s the catch: SPF is a measure of UVB protection only. UVA rays, which penetrate deeper into the skin and are a major contributor to photoaging, aren’t factored into the SPF rating. That’s why broad-spectrum is crucial.
Look for sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These are mineral sunscreens that provide excellent broad-spectrum protection and are generally considered safer for sensitive skin. Chemical sunscreens, while effective, can sometimes cause irritation.
Application is key. You need to apply sunscreen liberally – about a shot glass full for your entire body – and reapply every two hours, or more frequently if you’re sweating or swimming. Don’t forget often-neglected areas like your ears, neck, and the backs of your hands.
A common mistake is applying sunscreen only when it’s sunny. UVA rays are present even on cloudy days, so daily sunscreen use is non-negotiable in Taos. Make it a habit, like brushing your teeth.
Beyond sunscreen, consider protective clothing. Wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses are essential. Lightweight, long-sleeved shirts and pants can provide additional protection, especially during peak sun hours (typically 10 AM to 4 PM).
Now, let’s move on to dietary antioxidants. These are substances that neutralize free radicals, unstable molecules that damage cells and contribute to aging. UV radiation generates free radicals in the skin, further exacerbating photoaging.
Fortunately, the Southwest U.S. is a treasure trove of antioxidant-rich foods. Think about incorporating these into your diet:
Blue Corn: A staple of Southwestern cuisine, blue corn is packed with anthocyanins, powerful antioxidants that give it its distinctive color. Use blue cornmeal to make tortillas, pancakes, or muffins.
Chile Peppers: Red and green chile peppers are rich in vitamin C and carotenoids, both potent antioxidants. Add them to your meals for a spicy kick and a boost of skin-protecting nutrients.
Prickly Pear Cactus Fruit: This desert fruit is a good source of vitamin C and betalains, another class of antioxidants. You can find prickly pear juice, jams, and candies in many local stores.
Pinyon Nuts: These small, flavorful nuts are a good source of vitamin E, an antioxidant that helps protect cell membranes from damage. Snack on them raw or toasted.
Local Honey: Raw, unfiltered honey contains antioxidants and enzymes that can benefit the skin. Use it as a natural sweetener or apply it topically as a face mask.
In addition to these local foods, consider supplementing with antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, and resveratrol. Consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage for you.
Furthermore, consider topical antioxidants. Serums containing vitamin C, vitamin E, ferulic acid, and resveratrol can help protect your skin from free radical damage and boost the effectiveness of your sunscreen. Apply these serums in the morning before your sunscreen.
A specific challenge in Taos is the dry air. Dehydrated skin is more vulnerable to sun damage. Use a hydrating moisturizer daily, and consider investing in a humidifier for your home, especially during the winter months. Look for moisturizers containing hyaluronic acid, which helps attract and retain moisture in the skin.
Another pitfall is neglecting eye protection. The skin around your eyes is thinner and more delicate than the skin on the rest of your face, making it particularly susceptible to sun damage. Wear sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays, and apply sunscreen specifically formulated for the eye area.
Finally, remember that consistency is key. Sun protection and antioxidant intake are not one-time fixes. They are ongoing habits that you need to incorporate into your daily routine to protect your skin from the harsh Taos sun.
By combining diligent sun protection with a diet rich in Southwestern antioxidants, you can minimize the effects of photoaging and keep your skin looking healthy and youthful, even at high altitude. Don’t let the Taos sun steal your glow; fight back with knowledge and proactive care.